A SEARCH FOR NEW CANDIDATE SUPER-CHANDRASEKHAR-MASS TYPE Ia SUPERNOVAE IN THE NEARBY SUPERNOVA FACTORY DATA SET
Identifieur interne : 005F29 ( Main/Exploration ); précédent : 005F28; suivant : 005F30A SEARCH FOR NEW CANDIDATE SUPER-CHANDRASEKHAR-MASS TYPE Ia SUPERNOVAE IN THE NEARBY SUPERNOVA FACTORY DATA SET
Auteurs : R. Scalzo [Australie] ; G. Aldering [États-Unis] ; P. Antilogus [France] ; C. Aragon [États-Unis] ; S. Bailey [États-Unis] ; C. Baltay [États-Unis] ; S. Bongard [France] ; C. Buton [Allemagne] ; A. Canto [France] ; F. Cellier-Holzem [France] ; M. Childress [États-Unis] ; N. Chotard [France] ; Y. Copin [France] ; H. K. Fakhouri [États-Unis] ; E. Gangler [France] ; J. Guy [France] ; E. Y. Hsiao [États-Unis] ; M. Kerschhaggl [Allemagne] ; M. Kowalski [Allemagne] ; P. Nugent [États-Unis] ; K. Paech [Allemagne] ; R. Pain [France] ; E. Pecontal [France] ; R. Pereira [France] ; S. Perlmutter [États-Unis] ; D. Rabinowitz [États-Unis] ; M. Rigault [France] ; K. Runge [États-Unis] ; G. Smadja [France] ; C. Tao [France, République populaire de Chine] ; R. C. Thomas [États-Unis] ; B. A. Weaver [États-Unis] ; C. Wu [France, République populaire de Chine]Source :
- The Astrophysical journal [ 0004-637X ] ; 2012.
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Abstract
We present optical photometry and spectroscopy of five Type Ia supernovae discovered by the Nearby Supernova Factory selected to be spectroscopic analogs of the candidate super-Chandrasekhar-mass events SN 2003fg and SN 2007if. Their spectra are characterized by hot, highly ionized photospheres near maximum light, for which SN 1991T supplies the best phase coverage among available close spectral templates. Like SN 2007if, these supernovae are overluminous (-19.5 < MV < -20) and the velocity of the Si II λ6355 absorption minimum is consistent with being constant in time from phases as early as a week before, and up to two weeks after, B-band maximum light. We interpret the velocity plateaus as evidence for a reverse-shock shell in the ejecta formed by interaction at early times with a compact envelope of surrounding material, as might be expected for SNe resulting from the mergers of two white dwarfs. We use the bolometric light curves and line velocity evolution of these SNe to estimate important parameters of the progenitor systems, including 56Ni mass, total progenitor mass, and masses of shells and surrounding carbon/oxygen envelopes. We find that the reconstructed total progenitor mass distribution of the events (including SN 2007if) is bounded from below by the Chandrasekhar mass, with SN 2007if being the most massive. We discuss the relationship of these events to the emerging class of super-Chandrasekhar-mass SNe Ia, estimate the relative rates, compare the mass distribution to that expected for double-degenerate SN Ia progenitors from population synthesis, and consider implications for future cosmological Hubble diagrams.
Affiliations:
- Allemagne, Australie, France, République populaire de Chine, États-Unis
- Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes, District de Cologne, Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur, Rhénanie-du-Nord-Westphalie, Rhône-Alpes, Île-de-France
- Bonn, Marseille, Paris, Pékin, Saint Genis Laval, Villeurbanne
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<record><TEI><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title xml:lang="en" level="a">A SEARCH FOR NEW CANDIDATE SUPER-CHANDRASEKHAR-MASS TYPE Ia SUPERNOVAE IN THE NEARBY SUPERNOVA FACTORY DATA SET</title><author><name sortKey="Scalzo, R" sort="Scalzo, R" uniqKey="Scalzo R" first="R." last="Scalzo">R. Scalzo</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="01"><s1>Research School of Astronomy and Astrophysics, The Australian National University, Mount Stromlo Observatory, Cotter Road</s1><s2>Weston Creek, ACT 2611</s2><s3>AUS</s3><sZ>1 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>Australie</country><wicri:noRegion>Weston Creek, ACT 2611</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Aldering, G" sort="Aldering, G" uniqKey="Aldering G" first="G." last="Aldering">G. Aldering</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="02"><s1>Physics Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road</s1><s2>Berkeley, CA 94720</s2><s3>USA</s3><sZ>2 aut.</sZ><sZ>4 aut.</sZ><sZ>5 aut.</sZ><sZ>11 aut.</sZ><sZ>14 aut.</sZ><sZ>17 aut.</sZ><sZ>25 aut.</sZ><sZ>28 aut.</sZ><sZ>32 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>États-Unis</country><wicri:noRegion>Berkeley, CA 94720</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Antilogus, P" sort="Antilogus, P" uniqKey="Antilogus P" first="P." last="Antilogus">P. Antilogus</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><inist:fA14 i1="03"><s1>Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et des Hautes Énergies, Université Pierre et Marie Curie Paris 6, Université Paris Diderot Paris 7, CNRS-IN2P3, 4 place Jussieu</s1><s2>75252 Paris</s2><s3>FRA</s3><sZ>3 aut.</sZ><sZ>7 aut.</sZ><sZ>9 aut.</sZ><sZ>10 aut.</sZ><sZ>16 aut.</sZ><sZ>22 aut.</sZ><sZ>33 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>France</country><placeName><region type="region" nuts="2">Île-de-France</region><settlement type="city">Paris</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Aragon, C" sort="Aragon, C" uniqKey="Aragon C" first="C." last="Aragon">C. Aragon</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="02"><s1>Physics Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road</s1><s2>Berkeley, CA 94720</s2><s3>USA</s3><sZ>2 aut.</sZ><sZ>4 aut.</sZ><sZ>5 aut.</sZ><sZ>11 aut.</sZ><sZ>14 aut.</sZ><sZ>17 aut.</sZ><sZ>25 aut.</sZ><sZ>28 aut.</sZ><sZ>32 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>États-Unis</country><wicri:noRegion>Berkeley, CA 94720</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Bailey, S" sort="Bailey, S" uniqKey="Bailey S" first="S." last="Bailey">S. Bailey</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="02"><s1>Physics Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road</s1><s2>Berkeley, CA 94720</s2><s3>USA</s3><sZ>2 aut.</sZ><sZ>4 aut.</sZ><sZ>5 aut.</sZ><sZ>11 aut.</sZ><sZ>14 aut.</sZ><sZ>17 aut.</sZ><sZ>25 aut.</sZ><sZ>28 aut.</sZ><sZ>32 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>États-Unis</country><wicri:noRegion>Berkeley, CA 94720</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Baltay, C" sort="Baltay, C" uniqKey="Baltay C" first="C." last="Baltay">C. Baltay</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="04"><s1>Department of Physics, Yale University</s1><s2>New Haven, CT 06250-8121</s2><s3>USA</s3><sZ>6 aut.</sZ><sZ>26 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>États-Unis</country><wicri:noRegion>New Haven, CT 06250-8121</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Bongard, S" sort="Bongard, S" uniqKey="Bongard S" first="S." last="Bongard">S. Bongard</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><inist:fA14 i1="03"><s1>Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et des Hautes Énergies, Université Pierre et Marie Curie Paris 6, Université Paris Diderot Paris 7, CNRS-IN2P3, 4 place Jussieu</s1><s2>75252 Paris</s2><s3>FRA</s3><sZ>3 aut.</sZ><sZ>7 aut.</sZ><sZ>9 aut.</sZ><sZ>10 aut.</sZ><sZ>16 aut.</sZ><sZ>22 aut.</sZ><sZ>33 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>France</country><placeName><region type="region" nuts="2">Île-de-France</region><settlement type="city">Paris</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Buton, C" sort="Buton, C" uniqKey="Buton C" first="C." last="Buton">C. Buton</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><inist:fA14 i1="05"><s1>Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Nussallee 12</s1><s2>53115 Bonn</s2><s3>DEU</s3><sZ>8 aut.</sZ><sZ>18 aut.</sZ><sZ>19 aut.</sZ><sZ>21 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>Allemagne</country><placeName><region type="land" nuts="1">Rhénanie-du-Nord-Westphalie</region><region type="district" nuts="2">District de Cologne</region><settlement type="city">Bonn</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Canto, A" sort="Canto, A" uniqKey="Canto A" first="A." last="Canto">A. Canto</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="03"><s1>Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et des Hautes Énergies, Université Pierre et Marie Curie Paris 6, Université Paris Diderot Paris 7, CNRS-IN2P3, 4 place Jussieu</s1><s2>75252 Paris</s2><s3>FRA</s3><sZ>3 aut.</sZ><sZ>7 aut.</sZ><sZ>9 aut.</sZ><sZ>10 aut.</sZ><sZ>16 aut.</sZ><sZ>22 aut.</sZ><sZ>33 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>France</country><wicri:noRegion>75252 Paris</wicri:noRegion><placeName><settlement type="city">Paris</settlement><region type="région" nuts="2">Île-de-France</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Cellier Holzem, F" sort="Cellier Holzem, F" uniqKey="Cellier Holzem F" first="F." last="Cellier-Holzem">F. Cellier-Holzem</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><inist:fA14 i1="03"><s1>Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et des Hautes Énergies, Université Pierre et Marie Curie Paris 6, Université Paris Diderot Paris 7, CNRS-IN2P3, 4 place Jussieu</s1><s2>75252 Paris</s2><s3>FRA</s3><sZ>3 aut.</sZ><sZ>7 aut.</sZ><sZ>9 aut.</sZ><sZ>10 aut.</sZ><sZ>16 aut.</sZ><sZ>22 aut.</sZ><sZ>33 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>France</country><placeName><region type="region" nuts="2">Île-de-France</region><settlement type="city">Paris</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Childress, M" sort="Childress, M" uniqKey="Childress M" first="M." last="Childress">M. Childress</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="02"><s1>Physics Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road</s1><s2>Berkeley, CA 94720</s2><s3>USA</s3><sZ>2 aut.</sZ><sZ>4 aut.</sZ><sZ>5 aut.</sZ><sZ>11 aut.</sZ><sZ>14 aut.</sZ><sZ>17 aut.</sZ><sZ>25 aut.</sZ><sZ>28 aut.</sZ><sZ>32 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>États-Unis</country><wicri:noRegion>Berkeley, CA 94720</wicri:noRegion></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="06"><s1>Department of Physics, University of California Berkeley, 366 LeConte Hall MC 7300</s1><s2>Berkeley, CA 94720-7300</s2><s3>USA</s3><sZ>11 aut.</sZ><sZ>14 aut.</sZ><sZ>25 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>États-Unis</country><wicri:noRegion>Berkeley, CA 94720-7300</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Chotard, N" sort="Chotard, N" uniqKey="Chotard N" first="N." last="Chotard">N. Chotard</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><inist:fA14 i1="07"><s1>Institut de Physique Nucléaire, 43 Boulevard du 11 Novembre 1918</s1><s2>69622 Villeurbanne</s2><s3>FRA</s3><sZ>12 aut.</sZ><sZ>13 aut.</sZ><sZ>15 aut.</sZ><sZ>24 aut.</sZ><sZ>27 aut.</sZ><sZ>29 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>France</country><placeName><region type="region" nuts="2">Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes</region><region type="old region" nuts="2">Rhône-Alpes</region><settlement type="city">Villeurbanne</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Copin, Y" sort="Copin, Y" uniqKey="Copin Y" first="Y." last="Copin">Y. Copin</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><inist:fA14 i1="07"><s1>Institut de Physique Nucléaire, 43 Boulevard du 11 Novembre 1918</s1><s2>69622 Villeurbanne</s2><s3>FRA</s3><sZ>12 aut.</sZ><sZ>13 aut.</sZ><sZ>15 aut.</sZ><sZ>24 aut.</sZ><sZ>27 aut.</sZ><sZ>29 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>France</country><placeName><region type="region" nuts="2">Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes</region><region type="old region" nuts="2">Rhône-Alpes</region><settlement type="city">Villeurbanne</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Fakhouri, H K" sort="Fakhouri, H K" uniqKey="Fakhouri H" first="H. K." last="Fakhouri">H. K. Fakhouri</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="02"><s1>Physics Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road</s1><s2>Berkeley, CA 94720</s2><s3>USA</s3><sZ>2 aut.</sZ><sZ>4 aut.</sZ><sZ>5 aut.</sZ><sZ>11 aut.</sZ><sZ>14 aut.</sZ><sZ>17 aut.</sZ><sZ>25 aut.</sZ><sZ>28 aut.</sZ><sZ>32 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>États-Unis</country><wicri:noRegion>Berkeley, CA 94720</wicri:noRegion></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="06"><s1>Department of Physics, University of California Berkeley, 366 LeConte Hall MC 7300</s1><s2>Berkeley, CA 94720-7300</s2><s3>USA</s3><sZ>11 aut.</sZ><sZ>14 aut.</sZ><sZ>25 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>États-Unis</country><wicri:noRegion>Berkeley, CA 94720-7300</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Gangler, E" sort="Gangler, E" uniqKey="Gangler E" first="E." last="Gangler">E. Gangler</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><inist:fA14 i1="07"><s1>Institut de Physique Nucléaire, 43 Boulevard du 11 Novembre 1918</s1><s2>69622 Villeurbanne</s2><s3>FRA</s3><sZ>12 aut.</sZ><sZ>13 aut.</sZ><sZ>15 aut.</sZ><sZ>24 aut.</sZ><sZ>27 aut.</sZ><sZ>29 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>France</country><placeName><region type="region" nuts="2">Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes</region><region type="old region" nuts="2">Rhône-Alpes</region><settlement type="city">Villeurbanne</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Guy, J" sort="Guy, J" uniqKey="Guy J" first="J." last="Guy">J. Guy</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><inist:fA14 i1="03"><s1>Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et des Hautes Énergies, Université Pierre et Marie Curie Paris 6, Université Paris Diderot Paris 7, CNRS-IN2P3, 4 place Jussieu</s1><s2>75252 Paris</s2><s3>FRA</s3><sZ>3 aut.</sZ><sZ>7 aut.</sZ><sZ>9 aut.</sZ><sZ>10 aut.</sZ><sZ>16 aut.</sZ><sZ>22 aut.</sZ><sZ>33 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>France</country><placeName><region type="region" nuts="2">Île-de-France</region><settlement type="city">Paris</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hsiao, E Y" sort="Hsiao, E Y" uniqKey="Hsiao E" first="E. Y." last="Hsiao">E. Y. Hsiao</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="02"><s1>Physics Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road</s1><s2>Berkeley, CA 94720</s2><s3>USA</s3><sZ>2 aut.</sZ><sZ>4 aut.</sZ><sZ>5 aut.</sZ><sZ>11 aut.</sZ><sZ>14 aut.</sZ><sZ>17 aut.</sZ><sZ>25 aut.</sZ><sZ>28 aut.</sZ><sZ>32 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>États-Unis</country><wicri:noRegion>Berkeley, CA 94720</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kerschhaggl, M" sort="Kerschhaggl, M" uniqKey="Kerschhaggl M" first="M." last="Kerschhaggl">M. Kerschhaggl</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><inist:fA14 i1="05"><s1>Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Nussallee 12</s1><s2>53115 Bonn</s2><s3>DEU</s3><sZ>8 aut.</sZ><sZ>18 aut.</sZ><sZ>19 aut.</sZ><sZ>21 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>Allemagne</country><placeName><region type="land" nuts="1">Rhénanie-du-Nord-Westphalie</region><region type="district" nuts="2">District de Cologne</region><settlement type="city">Bonn</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kowalski, M" sort="Kowalski, M" uniqKey="Kowalski M" first="M." last="Kowalski">M. Kowalski</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><inist:fA14 i1="05"><s1>Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Nussallee 12</s1><s2>53115 Bonn</s2><s3>DEU</s3><sZ>8 aut.</sZ><sZ>18 aut.</sZ><sZ>19 aut.</sZ><sZ>21 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>Allemagne</country><placeName><region type="land" nuts="1">Rhénanie-du-Nord-Westphalie</region><region type="district" nuts="2">District de Cologne</region><settlement type="city">Bonn</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Nugent, P" sort="Nugent, P" uniqKey="Nugent P" first="P." last="Nugent">P. Nugent</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="08"><s1>Computational Cosmology Center, Computational Research Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road MS 50B-4206</s1><s2>Berkeley, CA 94720</s2><s3>USA</s3><sZ>20 aut.</sZ><sZ>31 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>États-Unis</country><wicri:noRegion>Berkeley, CA 94720</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Paech, K" sort="Paech, K" uniqKey="Paech K" first="K." last="Paech">K. Paech</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><inist:fA14 i1="05"><s1>Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Nussallee 12</s1><s2>53115 Bonn</s2><s3>DEU</s3><sZ>8 aut.</sZ><sZ>18 aut.</sZ><sZ>19 aut.</sZ><sZ>21 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>Allemagne</country><placeName><region type="land" nuts="1">Rhénanie-du-Nord-Westphalie</region><region type="district" nuts="2">District de Cologne</region><settlement type="city">Bonn</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Pain, R" sort="Pain, R" uniqKey="Pain R" first="R." last="Pain">R. Pain</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="03"><s1>Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et des Hautes Énergies, Université Pierre et Marie Curie Paris 6, Université Paris Diderot Paris 7, CNRS-IN2P3, 4 place Jussieu</s1><s2>75252 Paris</s2><s3>FRA</s3><sZ>3 aut.</sZ><sZ>7 aut.</sZ><sZ>9 aut.</sZ><sZ>10 aut.</sZ><sZ>16 aut.</sZ><sZ>22 aut.</sZ><sZ>33 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>France</country><wicri:noRegion>75252 Paris</wicri:noRegion><placeName><settlement type="city">Paris</settlement><region type="région" nuts="2">Île-de-France</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Pecontal, E" sort="Pecontal, E" uniqKey="Pecontal E" first="E." last="Pecontal">E. Pecontal</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><inist:fA14 i1="09"><s1>Centre de Recherche Astronomique de Lyon, Université Lyon 1, 9 Avenue Charles André</s1><s2>69561 Saint Genis Laval</s2><s3>FRA</s3><sZ>23 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>France</country><placeName><region type="region" nuts="2">Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes</region><region type="old region" nuts="2">Rhône-Alpes</region><settlement type="city">Saint Genis Laval</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Pereira, R" sort="Pereira, R" uniqKey="Pereira R" first="R." last="Pereira">R. Pereira</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><inist:fA14 i1="07"><s1>Institut de Physique Nucléaire, 43 Boulevard du 11 Novembre 1918</s1><s2>69622 Villeurbanne</s2><s3>FRA</s3><sZ>12 aut.</sZ><sZ>13 aut.</sZ><sZ>15 aut.</sZ><sZ>24 aut.</sZ><sZ>27 aut.</sZ><sZ>29 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>France</country><placeName><region type="region" nuts="2">Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes</region><region type="old region" nuts="2">Rhône-Alpes</region><settlement type="city">Villeurbanne</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Perlmutter, S" sort="Perlmutter, S" uniqKey="Perlmutter S" first="S." last="Perlmutter">S. Perlmutter</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="02"><s1>Physics Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road</s1><s2>Berkeley, CA 94720</s2><s3>USA</s3><sZ>2 aut.</sZ><sZ>4 aut.</sZ><sZ>5 aut.</sZ><sZ>11 aut.</sZ><sZ>14 aut.</sZ><sZ>17 aut.</sZ><sZ>25 aut.</sZ><sZ>28 aut.</sZ><sZ>32 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>États-Unis</country><wicri:noRegion>Berkeley, CA 94720</wicri:noRegion></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="06"><s1>Department of Physics, University of California Berkeley, 366 LeConte Hall MC 7300</s1><s2>Berkeley, CA 94720-7300</s2><s3>USA</s3><sZ>11 aut.</sZ><sZ>14 aut.</sZ><sZ>25 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>États-Unis</country><wicri:noRegion>Berkeley, CA 94720-7300</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Rabinowitz, D" sort="Rabinowitz, D" uniqKey="Rabinowitz D" first="D." last="Rabinowitz">D. Rabinowitz</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="04"><s1>Department of Physics, Yale University</s1><s2>New Haven, CT 06250-8121</s2><s3>USA</s3><sZ>6 aut.</sZ><sZ>26 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>États-Unis</country><wicri:noRegion>New Haven, CT 06250-8121</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Rigault, M" sort="Rigault, M" uniqKey="Rigault M" first="M." last="Rigault">M. Rigault</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><inist:fA14 i1="07"><s1>Institut de Physique Nucléaire, 43 Boulevard du 11 Novembre 1918</s1><s2>69622 Villeurbanne</s2><s3>FRA</s3><sZ>12 aut.</sZ><sZ>13 aut.</sZ><sZ>15 aut.</sZ><sZ>24 aut.</sZ><sZ>27 aut.</sZ><sZ>29 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>France</country><placeName><region type="region" nuts="2">Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes</region><region type="old region" nuts="2">Rhône-Alpes</region><settlement type="city">Villeurbanne</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Runge, K" sort="Runge, K" uniqKey="Runge K" first="K." last="Runge">K. Runge</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="02"><s1>Physics Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road</s1><s2>Berkeley, CA 94720</s2><s3>USA</s3><sZ>2 aut.</sZ><sZ>4 aut.</sZ><sZ>5 aut.</sZ><sZ>11 aut.</sZ><sZ>14 aut.</sZ><sZ>17 aut.</sZ><sZ>25 aut.</sZ><sZ>28 aut.</sZ><sZ>32 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>États-Unis</country><wicri:noRegion>Berkeley, CA 94720</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Smadja, G" sort="Smadja, G" uniqKey="Smadja G" first="G." last="Smadja">G. Smadja</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><inist:fA14 i1="07"><s1>Institut de Physique Nucléaire, 43 Boulevard du 11 Novembre 1918</s1><s2>69622 Villeurbanne</s2><s3>FRA</s3><sZ>12 aut.</sZ><sZ>13 aut.</sZ><sZ>15 aut.</sZ><sZ>24 aut.</sZ><sZ>27 aut.</sZ><sZ>29 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>France</country><placeName><region type="region" nuts="2">Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes</region><region type="old region" nuts="2">Rhône-Alpes</region><settlement type="city">Villeurbanne</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Tao, C" sort="Tao, C" uniqKey="Tao C" first="C." last="Tao">C. Tao</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><inist:fA14 i1="10"><s1>Centre de Physique des Particules de Marseille, 163 Avenue de Luminy, Case 902</s1><s2>13288 Marseille</s2><s3>FRA</s3><sZ>30 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>France</country><placeName><region type="region" nuts="2">Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur</region><settlement type="city">Marseille</settlement></placeName></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="11"><s1>Tsinghua Center for Astrophysics, Tsinghua University</s1><s2>Beijing 100084</s2><s3>CHN</s3><sZ>30 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>République populaire de Chine</country><placeName><settlement type="city">Pékin</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Thomas, R C" sort="Thomas, R C" uniqKey="Thomas R" first="R. C." last="Thomas">R. C. Thomas</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="08"><s1>Computational Cosmology Center, Computational Research Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road MS 50B-4206</s1><s2>Berkeley, CA 94720</s2><s3>USA</s3><sZ>20 aut.</sZ><sZ>31 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>États-Unis</country><wicri:noRegion>Berkeley, CA 94720</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Weaver, B A" sort="Weaver, B A" uniqKey="Weaver B" first="B. A." last="Weaver">B. A. Weaver</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="02"><s1>Physics Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road</s1><s2>Berkeley, CA 94720</s2><s3>USA</s3><sZ>2 aut.</sZ><sZ>4 aut.</sZ><sZ>5 aut.</sZ><sZ>11 aut.</sZ><sZ>14 aut.</sZ><sZ>17 aut.</sZ><sZ>25 aut.</sZ><sZ>28 aut.</sZ><sZ>32 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>États-Unis</country><wicri:noRegion>Berkeley, CA 94720</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Wu, C" sort="Wu, C" uniqKey="Wu C" first="C." last="Wu">C. Wu</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><inist:fA14 i1="03"><s1>Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et des Hautes Énergies, Université Pierre et Marie Curie Paris 6, Université Paris Diderot Paris 7, CNRS-IN2P3, 4 place Jussieu</s1><s2>75252 Paris</s2><s3>FRA</s3><sZ>3 aut.</sZ><sZ>7 aut.</sZ><sZ>9 aut.</sZ><sZ>10 aut.</sZ><sZ>16 aut.</sZ><sZ>22 aut.</sZ><sZ>33 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>France</country><placeName><region type="region" nuts="2">Île-de-France</region><settlement type="city">Paris</settlement></placeName></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="12"><s1>National Astronomical Observatories, Chinese Academy of Sciences</s1><s2>Beijing 100012</s2><s3>CHN</s3><sZ>33 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>République populaire de Chine</country><placeName><settlement type="city">Pékin</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">INIST</idno><idno type="inist">12-0384594</idno><date when="2012">2012</date><idno type="stanalyst">PASCAL 12-0384594 INIST</idno><idno type="RBID">Pascal:12-0384594</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/PascalFrancis/Corpus">000F74</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/PascalFrancis/Curation">004F44</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/PascalFrancis/Checkpoint">001426</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="PascalFrancis" wicri:step="Checkpoint">001426</idno><idno type="wicri:doubleKey">0004-637X:2012:Scalzo R:a:search:for</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Merge">006261</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Curation">005F29</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Exploration">005F29</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en" level="a">A SEARCH FOR NEW CANDIDATE SUPER-CHANDRASEKHAR-MASS TYPE Ia SUPERNOVAE IN THE NEARBY SUPERNOVA FACTORY DATA SET</title><author><name sortKey="Scalzo, R" sort="Scalzo, R" uniqKey="Scalzo R" first="R." last="Scalzo">R. Scalzo</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="01"><s1>Research School of Astronomy and Astrophysics, The Australian National University, Mount Stromlo Observatory, Cotter Road</s1><s2>Weston Creek, ACT 2611</s2><s3>AUS</s3><sZ>1 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>Australie</country><wicri:noRegion>Weston Creek, ACT 2611</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Aldering, G" sort="Aldering, G" uniqKey="Aldering G" first="G." last="Aldering">G. Aldering</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="02"><s1>Physics Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road</s1><s2>Berkeley, CA 94720</s2><s3>USA</s3><sZ>2 aut.</sZ><sZ>4 aut.</sZ><sZ>5 aut.</sZ><sZ>11 aut.</sZ><sZ>14 aut.</sZ><sZ>17 aut.</sZ><sZ>25 aut.</sZ><sZ>28 aut.</sZ><sZ>32 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>États-Unis</country><wicri:noRegion>Berkeley, CA 94720</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Antilogus, P" sort="Antilogus, P" uniqKey="Antilogus P" first="P." last="Antilogus">P. Antilogus</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="03"><s1>Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et des Hautes Énergies, Université Pierre et Marie Curie Paris 6, Université Paris Diderot Paris 7, CNRS-IN2P3, 4 place Jussieu</s1><s2>75252 Paris</s2><s3>FRA</s3><sZ>3 aut.</sZ><sZ>7 aut.</sZ><sZ>9 aut.</sZ><sZ>10 aut.</sZ><sZ>16 aut.</sZ><sZ>22 aut.</sZ><sZ>33 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>France</country><wicri:noRegion>75252 Paris</wicri:noRegion><placeName><settlement type="city">Paris</settlement><region type="région" nuts="2">Île-de-France</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Aragon, C" sort="Aragon, C" uniqKey="Aragon C" first="C." last="Aragon">C. Aragon</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="02"><s1>Physics Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road</s1><s2>Berkeley, CA 94720</s2><s3>USA</s3><sZ>2 aut.</sZ><sZ>4 aut.</sZ><sZ>5 aut.</sZ><sZ>11 aut.</sZ><sZ>14 aut.</sZ><sZ>17 aut.</sZ><sZ>25 aut.</sZ><sZ>28 aut.</sZ><sZ>32 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>États-Unis</country><wicri:noRegion>Berkeley, CA 94720</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Bailey, S" sort="Bailey, S" uniqKey="Bailey S" first="S." last="Bailey">S. Bailey</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="02"><s1>Physics Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road</s1><s2>Berkeley, CA 94720</s2><s3>USA</s3><sZ>2 aut.</sZ><sZ>4 aut.</sZ><sZ>5 aut.</sZ><sZ>11 aut.</sZ><sZ>14 aut.</sZ><sZ>17 aut.</sZ><sZ>25 aut.</sZ><sZ>28 aut.</sZ><sZ>32 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>États-Unis</country><wicri:noRegion>Berkeley, CA 94720</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Baltay, C" sort="Baltay, C" uniqKey="Baltay C" first="C." last="Baltay">C. Baltay</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="04"><s1>Department of Physics, Yale University</s1><s2>New Haven, CT 06250-8121</s2><s3>USA</s3><sZ>6 aut.</sZ><sZ>26 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>États-Unis</country><wicri:noRegion>New Haven, CT 06250-8121</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Bongard, S" sort="Bongard, S" uniqKey="Bongard S" first="S." last="Bongard">S. Bongard</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="03"><s1>Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et des Hautes Énergies, Université Pierre et Marie Curie Paris 6, Université Paris Diderot Paris 7, CNRS-IN2P3, 4 place Jussieu</s1><s2>75252 Paris</s2><s3>FRA</s3><sZ>3 aut.</sZ><sZ>7 aut.</sZ><sZ>9 aut.</sZ><sZ>10 aut.</sZ><sZ>16 aut.</sZ><sZ>22 aut.</sZ><sZ>33 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>France</country><wicri:noRegion>75252 Paris</wicri:noRegion><placeName><settlement type="city">Paris</settlement><region type="région" nuts="2">Île-de-France</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Buton, C" sort="Buton, C" uniqKey="Buton C" first="C." last="Buton">C. Buton</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><inist:fA14 i1="05"><s1>Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Nussallee 12</s1><s2>53115 Bonn</s2><s3>DEU</s3><sZ>8 aut.</sZ><sZ>18 aut.</sZ><sZ>19 aut.</sZ><sZ>21 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>Allemagne</country><placeName><region type="land" nuts="1">Rhénanie-du-Nord-Westphalie</region><region type="district" nuts="2">District de Cologne</region><settlement type="city">Bonn</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Canto, A" sort="Canto, A" uniqKey="Canto A" first="A." last="Canto">A. Canto</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="03"><s1>Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et des Hautes Énergies, Université Pierre et Marie Curie Paris 6, Université Paris Diderot Paris 7, CNRS-IN2P3, 4 place Jussieu</s1><s2>75252 Paris</s2><s3>FRA</s3><sZ>3 aut.</sZ><sZ>7 aut.</sZ><sZ>9 aut.</sZ><sZ>10 aut.</sZ><sZ>16 aut.</sZ><sZ>22 aut.</sZ><sZ>33 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>France</country><wicri:noRegion>75252 Paris</wicri:noRegion><placeName><settlement type="city">Paris</settlement><region type="région" nuts="2">Île-de-France</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Cellier Holzem, F" sort="Cellier Holzem, F" uniqKey="Cellier Holzem F" first="F." last="Cellier-Holzem">F. Cellier-Holzem</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="03"><s1>Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et des Hautes Énergies, Université Pierre et Marie Curie Paris 6, Université Paris Diderot Paris 7, CNRS-IN2P3, 4 place Jussieu</s1><s2>75252 Paris</s2><s3>FRA</s3><sZ>3 aut.</sZ><sZ>7 aut.</sZ><sZ>9 aut.</sZ><sZ>10 aut.</sZ><sZ>16 aut.</sZ><sZ>22 aut.</sZ><sZ>33 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>France</country><wicri:noRegion>75252 Paris</wicri:noRegion><placeName><settlement type="city">Paris</settlement><region type="région" nuts="2">Île-de-France</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Childress, M" sort="Childress, M" uniqKey="Childress M" first="M." last="Childress">M. Childress</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="02"><s1>Physics Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road</s1><s2>Berkeley, CA 94720</s2><s3>USA</s3><sZ>2 aut.</sZ><sZ>4 aut.</sZ><sZ>5 aut.</sZ><sZ>11 aut.</sZ><sZ>14 aut.</sZ><sZ>17 aut.</sZ><sZ>25 aut.</sZ><sZ>28 aut.</sZ><sZ>32 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>États-Unis</country><wicri:noRegion>Berkeley, CA 94720</wicri:noRegion></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="06"><s1>Department of Physics, University of California Berkeley, 366 LeConte Hall MC 7300</s1><s2>Berkeley, CA 94720-7300</s2><s3>USA</s3><sZ>11 aut.</sZ><sZ>14 aut.</sZ><sZ>25 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>États-Unis</country><wicri:noRegion>Berkeley, CA 94720-7300</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Chotard, N" sort="Chotard, N" uniqKey="Chotard N" first="N." last="Chotard">N. Chotard</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="07"><s1>Institut de Physique Nucléaire, 43 Boulevard du 11 Novembre 1918</s1><s2>69622 Villeurbanne</s2><s3>FRA</s3><sZ>12 aut.</sZ><sZ>13 aut.</sZ><sZ>15 aut.</sZ><sZ>24 aut.</sZ><sZ>27 aut.</sZ><sZ>29 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>France</country><wicri:noRegion>69622 Villeurbanne</wicri:noRegion><wicri:noRegion>43 Boulevard du 11 Novembre 1918</wicri:noRegion><wicri:noRegion>69622 Villeurbanne</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Copin, Y" sort="Copin, Y" uniqKey="Copin Y" first="Y." last="Copin">Y. Copin</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="07"><s1>Institut de Physique Nucléaire, 43 Boulevard du 11 Novembre 1918</s1><s2>69622 Villeurbanne</s2><s3>FRA</s3><sZ>12 aut.</sZ><sZ>13 aut.</sZ><sZ>15 aut.</sZ><sZ>24 aut.</sZ><sZ>27 aut.</sZ><sZ>29 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>France</country><wicri:noRegion>69622 Villeurbanne</wicri:noRegion><wicri:noRegion>43 Boulevard du 11 Novembre 1918</wicri:noRegion><wicri:noRegion>69622 Villeurbanne</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Fakhouri, H K" sort="Fakhouri, H K" uniqKey="Fakhouri H" first="H. K." last="Fakhouri">H. K. Fakhouri</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="02"><s1>Physics Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road</s1><s2>Berkeley, CA 94720</s2><s3>USA</s3><sZ>2 aut.</sZ><sZ>4 aut.</sZ><sZ>5 aut.</sZ><sZ>11 aut.</sZ><sZ>14 aut.</sZ><sZ>17 aut.</sZ><sZ>25 aut.</sZ><sZ>28 aut.</sZ><sZ>32 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>États-Unis</country><wicri:noRegion>Berkeley, CA 94720</wicri:noRegion></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="06"><s1>Department of Physics, University of California Berkeley, 366 LeConte Hall MC 7300</s1><s2>Berkeley, CA 94720-7300</s2><s3>USA</s3><sZ>11 aut.</sZ><sZ>14 aut.</sZ><sZ>25 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>États-Unis</country><wicri:noRegion>Berkeley, CA 94720-7300</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Gangler, E" sort="Gangler, E" uniqKey="Gangler E" first="E." last="Gangler">E. Gangler</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="07"><s1>Institut de Physique Nucléaire, 43 Boulevard du 11 Novembre 1918</s1><s2>69622 Villeurbanne</s2><s3>FRA</s3><sZ>12 aut.</sZ><sZ>13 aut.</sZ><sZ>15 aut.</sZ><sZ>24 aut.</sZ><sZ>27 aut.</sZ><sZ>29 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>France</country><wicri:noRegion>69622 Villeurbanne</wicri:noRegion><wicri:noRegion>43 Boulevard du 11 Novembre 1918</wicri:noRegion><wicri:noRegion>69622 Villeurbanne</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Guy, J" sort="Guy, J" uniqKey="Guy J" first="J." last="Guy">J. Guy</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="03"><s1>Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et des Hautes Énergies, Université Pierre et Marie Curie Paris 6, Université Paris Diderot Paris 7, CNRS-IN2P3, 4 place Jussieu</s1><s2>75252 Paris</s2><s3>FRA</s3><sZ>3 aut.</sZ><sZ>7 aut.</sZ><sZ>9 aut.</sZ><sZ>10 aut.</sZ><sZ>16 aut.</sZ><sZ>22 aut.</sZ><sZ>33 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>France</country><wicri:noRegion>75252 Paris</wicri:noRegion><placeName><settlement type="city">Paris</settlement><region type="région" nuts="2">Île-de-France</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hsiao, E Y" sort="Hsiao, E Y" uniqKey="Hsiao E" first="E. Y." last="Hsiao">E. Y. Hsiao</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="02"><s1>Physics Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road</s1><s2>Berkeley, CA 94720</s2><s3>USA</s3><sZ>2 aut.</sZ><sZ>4 aut.</sZ><sZ>5 aut.</sZ><sZ>11 aut.</sZ><sZ>14 aut.</sZ><sZ>17 aut.</sZ><sZ>25 aut.</sZ><sZ>28 aut.</sZ><sZ>32 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>États-Unis</country><wicri:noRegion>Berkeley, CA 94720</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kerschhaggl, M" sort="Kerschhaggl, M" uniqKey="Kerschhaggl M" first="M." last="Kerschhaggl">M. Kerschhaggl</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><inist:fA14 i1="05"><s1>Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Nussallee 12</s1><s2>53115 Bonn</s2><s3>DEU</s3><sZ>8 aut.</sZ><sZ>18 aut.</sZ><sZ>19 aut.</sZ><sZ>21 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>Allemagne</country><placeName><region type="land" nuts="1">Rhénanie-du-Nord-Westphalie</region><region type="district" nuts="2">District de Cologne</region><settlement type="city">Bonn</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kowalski, M" sort="Kowalski, M" uniqKey="Kowalski M" first="M." last="Kowalski">M. Kowalski</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><inist:fA14 i1="05"><s1>Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Nussallee 12</s1><s2>53115 Bonn</s2><s3>DEU</s3><sZ>8 aut.</sZ><sZ>18 aut.</sZ><sZ>19 aut.</sZ><sZ>21 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>Allemagne</country><placeName><region type="land" nuts="1">Rhénanie-du-Nord-Westphalie</region><region type="district" nuts="2">District de Cologne</region><settlement type="city">Bonn</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Nugent, P" sort="Nugent, P" uniqKey="Nugent P" first="P." last="Nugent">P. Nugent</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="08"><s1>Computational Cosmology Center, Computational Research Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road MS 50B-4206</s1><s2>Berkeley, CA 94720</s2><s3>USA</s3><sZ>20 aut.</sZ><sZ>31 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>États-Unis</country><wicri:noRegion>Berkeley, CA 94720</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Paech, K" sort="Paech, K" uniqKey="Paech K" first="K." last="Paech">K. Paech</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><inist:fA14 i1="05"><s1>Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Nussallee 12</s1><s2>53115 Bonn</s2><s3>DEU</s3><sZ>8 aut.</sZ><sZ>18 aut.</sZ><sZ>19 aut.</sZ><sZ>21 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>Allemagne</country><placeName><region type="land" nuts="1">Rhénanie-du-Nord-Westphalie</region><region type="district" nuts="2">District de Cologne</region><settlement type="city">Bonn</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Pain, R" sort="Pain, R" uniqKey="Pain R" first="R." last="Pain">R. Pain</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="03"><s1>Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et des Hautes Énergies, Université Pierre et Marie Curie Paris 6, Université Paris Diderot Paris 7, CNRS-IN2P3, 4 place Jussieu</s1><s2>75252 Paris</s2><s3>FRA</s3><sZ>3 aut.</sZ><sZ>7 aut.</sZ><sZ>9 aut.</sZ><sZ>10 aut.</sZ><sZ>16 aut.</sZ><sZ>22 aut.</sZ><sZ>33 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>France</country><wicri:noRegion>75252 Paris</wicri:noRegion><placeName><settlement type="city">Paris</settlement><region type="région" nuts="2">Île-de-France</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Pecontal, E" sort="Pecontal, E" uniqKey="Pecontal E" first="E." last="Pecontal">E. Pecontal</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><inist:fA14 i1="09"><s1>Centre de Recherche Astronomique de Lyon, Université Lyon 1, 9 Avenue Charles André</s1><s2>69561 Saint Genis Laval</s2><s3>FRA</s3><sZ>23 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>France</country><placeName><region type="region" nuts="2">Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes</region><region type="old region" nuts="2">Rhône-Alpes</region><settlement type="city">Saint Genis Laval</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Pereira, R" sort="Pereira, R" uniqKey="Pereira R" first="R." last="Pereira">R. Pereira</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><inist:fA14 i1="07"><s1>Institut de Physique Nucléaire, 43 Boulevard du 11 Novembre 1918</s1><s2>69622 Villeurbanne</s2><s3>FRA</s3><sZ>12 aut.</sZ><sZ>13 aut.</sZ><sZ>15 aut.</sZ><sZ>24 aut.</sZ><sZ>27 aut.</sZ><sZ>29 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>France</country><placeName><region type="region" nuts="2">Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes</region><region type="old region" nuts="2">Rhône-Alpes</region><settlement type="city">Villeurbanne</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Perlmutter, S" sort="Perlmutter, S" uniqKey="Perlmutter S" first="S." last="Perlmutter">S. Perlmutter</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="02"><s1>Physics Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road</s1><s2>Berkeley, CA 94720</s2><s3>USA</s3><sZ>2 aut.</sZ><sZ>4 aut.</sZ><sZ>5 aut.</sZ><sZ>11 aut.</sZ><sZ>14 aut.</sZ><sZ>17 aut.</sZ><sZ>25 aut.</sZ><sZ>28 aut.</sZ><sZ>32 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>États-Unis</country><wicri:noRegion>Berkeley, CA 94720</wicri:noRegion></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="06"><s1>Department of Physics, University of California Berkeley, 366 LeConte Hall MC 7300</s1><s2>Berkeley, CA 94720-7300</s2><s3>USA</s3><sZ>11 aut.</sZ><sZ>14 aut.</sZ><sZ>25 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>États-Unis</country><wicri:noRegion>Berkeley, CA 94720-7300</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Rabinowitz, D" sort="Rabinowitz, D" uniqKey="Rabinowitz D" first="D." last="Rabinowitz">D. Rabinowitz</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="04"><s1>Department of Physics, Yale University</s1><s2>New Haven, CT 06250-8121</s2><s3>USA</s3><sZ>6 aut.</sZ><sZ>26 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>États-Unis</country><wicri:noRegion>New Haven, CT 06250-8121</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Rigault, M" sort="Rigault, M" uniqKey="Rigault M" first="M." last="Rigault">M. Rigault</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><inist:fA14 i1="07"><s1>Institut de Physique Nucléaire, 43 Boulevard du 11 Novembre 1918</s1><s2>69622 Villeurbanne</s2><s3>FRA</s3><sZ>12 aut.</sZ><sZ>13 aut.</sZ><sZ>15 aut.</sZ><sZ>24 aut.</sZ><sZ>27 aut.</sZ><sZ>29 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>France</country><placeName><region type="region" nuts="2">Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes</region><region type="old region" nuts="2">Rhône-Alpes</region><settlement type="city">Villeurbanne</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Runge, K" sort="Runge, K" uniqKey="Runge K" first="K." last="Runge">K. Runge</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="02"><s1>Physics Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road</s1><s2>Berkeley, CA 94720</s2><s3>USA</s3><sZ>2 aut.</sZ><sZ>4 aut.</sZ><sZ>5 aut.</sZ><sZ>11 aut.</sZ><sZ>14 aut.</sZ><sZ>17 aut.</sZ><sZ>25 aut.</sZ><sZ>28 aut.</sZ><sZ>32 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>États-Unis</country><wicri:noRegion>Berkeley, CA 94720</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Smadja, G" sort="Smadja, G" uniqKey="Smadja G" first="G." last="Smadja">G. Smadja</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><inist:fA14 i1="07"><s1>Institut de Physique Nucléaire, 43 Boulevard du 11 Novembre 1918</s1><s2>69622 Villeurbanne</s2><s3>FRA</s3><sZ>12 aut.</sZ><sZ>13 aut.</sZ><sZ>15 aut.</sZ><sZ>24 aut.</sZ><sZ>27 aut.</sZ><sZ>29 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>France</country><placeName><region type="region" nuts="2">Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes</region><region type="old region" nuts="2">Rhône-Alpes</region><settlement type="city">Villeurbanne</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Tao, C" sort="Tao, C" uniqKey="Tao C" first="C." last="Tao">C. Tao</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><inist:fA14 i1="10"><s1>Centre de Physique des Particules de Marseille, 163 Avenue de Luminy, Case 902</s1><s2>13288 Marseille</s2><s3>FRA</s3><sZ>30 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>France</country><placeName><region type="region" nuts="2">Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur</region><settlement type="city">Marseille</settlement></placeName></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="11"><s1>Tsinghua Center for Astrophysics, Tsinghua University</s1><s2>Beijing 100084</s2><s3>CHN</s3><sZ>30 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>République populaire de Chine</country><placeName><settlement type="city">Pékin</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Thomas, R C" sort="Thomas, R C" uniqKey="Thomas R" first="R. C." last="Thomas">R. C. Thomas</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="08"><s1>Computational Cosmology Center, Computational Research Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road MS 50B-4206</s1><s2>Berkeley, CA 94720</s2><s3>USA</s3><sZ>20 aut.</sZ><sZ>31 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>États-Unis</country><wicri:noRegion>Berkeley, CA 94720</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Weaver, B A" sort="Weaver, B A" uniqKey="Weaver B" first="B. A." last="Weaver">B. A. Weaver</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="02"><s1>Physics Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road</s1><s2>Berkeley, CA 94720</s2><s3>USA</s3><sZ>2 aut.</sZ><sZ>4 aut.</sZ><sZ>5 aut.</sZ><sZ>11 aut.</sZ><sZ>14 aut.</sZ><sZ>17 aut.</sZ><sZ>25 aut.</sZ><sZ>28 aut.</sZ><sZ>32 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>États-Unis</country><wicri:noRegion>Berkeley, CA 94720</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Wu, C" sort="Wu, C" uniqKey="Wu C" first="C." last="Wu">C. Wu</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><inist:fA14 i1="03"><s1>Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et des Hautes Énergies, Université Pierre et Marie Curie Paris 6, Université Paris Diderot Paris 7, CNRS-IN2P3, 4 place Jussieu</s1><s2>75252 Paris</s2><s3>FRA</s3><sZ>3 aut.</sZ><sZ>7 aut.</sZ><sZ>9 aut.</sZ><sZ>10 aut.</sZ><sZ>16 aut.</sZ><sZ>22 aut.</sZ><sZ>33 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>France</country><placeName><region type="region" nuts="2">Île-de-France</region><settlement type="city">Paris</settlement></placeName></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="12"><s1>National Astronomical Observatories, Chinese Academy of Sciences</s1><s2>Beijing 100012</s2><s3>CHN</s3><sZ>33 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>République populaire de Chine</country><placeName><settlement type="city">Pékin</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j" type="main">The Astrophysical journal</title><title level="j" type="abbreviated">Astrophys. j.</title><idno type="ISSN">0004-637X</idno><imprint><date when="2012">2012</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc><seriesStmt><title level="j" type="main">The Astrophysical journal</title><title level="j" type="abbreviated">Astrophys. j.</title><idno type="ISSN">0004-637X</idno></seriesStmt></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en"><term>Early phase</term><term>Hubble diagram</term><term>Light curves</term><term>Mass distribution</term><term>Optical spectrometry</term><term>Photometry</term><term>Time constant</term><term>Type I supernova</term><term>White dwarf stars</term></keywords><keywords scheme="Pascal" xml:lang="fr"><term>Supernova type I</term><term>Spectrométrie optique</term><term>Photométrie</term><term>Constante temps</term><term>Phase initiale</term><term>Naine blanche</term><term>Courbe lumière</term><term>Distribution masse</term><term>Diagramme Hubble</term></keywords></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">We present optical photometry and spectroscopy of five Type Ia supernovae discovered by the Nearby Supernova Factory selected to be spectroscopic analogs of the candidate super-Chandrasekhar-mass events SN 2003fg and SN 2007if. Their spectra are characterized by hot, highly ionized photospheres near maximum light, for which SN 1991T supplies the best phase coverage among available close spectral templates. Like SN 2007if, these supernovae are overluminous (-19.5 < M<sub>V</sub> < -20) and the velocity of the Si II λ6355 absorption minimum is consistent with being constant in time from phases as early as a week before, and up to two weeks after, B-band maximum light. We interpret the velocity plateaus as evidence for a reverse-shock shell in the ejecta formed by interaction at early times with a compact envelope of surrounding material, as might be expected for SNe resulting from the mergers of two white dwarfs. We use the bolometric light curves and line velocity evolution of these SNe to estimate important parameters of the progenitor systems, including <sup>56</sup>Ni mass, total progenitor mass, and masses of shells and surrounding carbon/oxygen envelopes. We find that the reconstructed total progenitor mass distribution of the events (including SN 2007if) is bounded from below by the Chandrasekhar mass, with SN 2007if being the most massive. We discuss the relationship of these events to the emerging class of super-Chandrasekhar-mass SNe Ia, estimate the relative rates, compare the mass distribution to that expected for double-degenerate SN Ia progenitors from population synthesis, and consider implications for future cosmological Hubble diagrams.</div></front></TEI><affiliations><list><country><li>Allemagne</li><li>Australie</li><li>France</li><li>République populaire de Chine</li><li>États-Unis</li></country><region><li>Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes</li><li>District de Cologne</li><li>Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur</li><li>Rhénanie-du-Nord-Westphalie</li><li>Rhône-Alpes</li><li>Île-de-France</li></region><settlement><li>Bonn</li><li>Marseille</li><li>Paris</li><li>Pékin</li><li>Saint Genis Laval</li><li>Villeurbanne</li></settlement></list><tree><country name="Australie"><noRegion><name sortKey="Scalzo, R" sort="Scalzo, R" uniqKey="Scalzo R" first="R." last="Scalzo">R. Scalzo</name></noRegion></country><country name="États-Unis"><noRegion><name sortKey="Aldering, G" sort="Aldering, G" uniqKey="Aldering G" first="G." last="Aldering">G. Aldering</name></noRegion><name sortKey="Aragon, C" sort="Aragon, C" uniqKey="Aragon C" first="C." last="Aragon">C. Aragon</name><name sortKey="Bailey, S" sort="Bailey, S" uniqKey="Bailey S" first="S." last="Bailey">S. Bailey</name><name sortKey="Baltay, C" sort="Baltay, C" uniqKey="Baltay C" first="C." last="Baltay">C. Baltay</name><name sortKey="Childress, M" sort="Childress, M" uniqKey="Childress M" first="M." last="Childress">M. Childress</name><name sortKey="Childress, M" sort="Childress, M" uniqKey="Childress M" first="M." last="Childress">M. Childress</name><name sortKey="Fakhouri, H K" sort="Fakhouri, H K" uniqKey="Fakhouri H" first="H. K." last="Fakhouri">H. K. Fakhouri</name><name sortKey="Fakhouri, H K" sort="Fakhouri, H K" uniqKey="Fakhouri H" first="H. K." last="Fakhouri">H. K. Fakhouri</name><name sortKey="Hsiao, E Y" sort="Hsiao, E Y" uniqKey="Hsiao E" first="E. Y." last="Hsiao">E. Y. Hsiao</name><name sortKey="Nugent, P" sort="Nugent, P" uniqKey="Nugent P" first="P." last="Nugent">P. Nugent</name><name sortKey="Perlmutter, S" sort="Perlmutter, S" uniqKey="Perlmutter S" first="S." last="Perlmutter">S. Perlmutter</name><name sortKey="Perlmutter, S" sort="Perlmutter, S" uniqKey="Perlmutter S" first="S." last="Perlmutter">S. Perlmutter</name><name sortKey="Rabinowitz, D" sort="Rabinowitz, D" uniqKey="Rabinowitz D" first="D." last="Rabinowitz">D. Rabinowitz</name><name sortKey="Runge, K" sort="Runge, K" uniqKey="Runge K" first="K." last="Runge">K. Runge</name><name sortKey="Thomas, R C" sort="Thomas, R C" uniqKey="Thomas R" first="R. C." last="Thomas">R. C. Thomas</name><name sortKey="Weaver, B A" sort="Weaver, B A" uniqKey="Weaver B" first="B. A." last="Weaver">B. A. Weaver</name></country><country name="France"><region name="Île-de-France"><name sortKey="Antilogus, P" sort="Antilogus, P" uniqKey="Antilogus P" first="P." last="Antilogus">P. Antilogus</name></region><name sortKey="Bongard, S" sort="Bongard, S" uniqKey="Bongard S" first="S." last="Bongard">S. Bongard</name><name sortKey="Canto, A" sort="Canto, A" uniqKey="Canto A" first="A." last="Canto">A. Canto</name><name sortKey="Cellier Holzem, F" sort="Cellier Holzem, F" uniqKey="Cellier Holzem F" first="F." last="Cellier-Holzem">F. Cellier-Holzem</name><name sortKey="Chotard, N" sort="Chotard, N" uniqKey="Chotard N" first="N." last="Chotard">N. Chotard</name><name sortKey="Copin, Y" sort="Copin, Y" uniqKey="Copin Y" first="Y." last="Copin">Y. Copin</name><name sortKey="Gangler, E" sort="Gangler, E" uniqKey="Gangler E" first="E." last="Gangler">E. Gangler</name><name sortKey="Guy, J" sort="Guy, J" uniqKey="Guy J" first="J." last="Guy">J. Guy</name><name sortKey="Pain, R" sort="Pain, R" uniqKey="Pain R" first="R." last="Pain">R. Pain</name><name sortKey="Pecontal, E" sort="Pecontal, E" uniqKey="Pecontal E" first="E." last="Pecontal">E. Pecontal</name><name sortKey="Pereira, R" sort="Pereira, R" uniqKey="Pereira R" first="R." last="Pereira">R. Pereira</name><name sortKey="Rigault, M" sort="Rigault, M" uniqKey="Rigault M" first="M." last="Rigault">M. Rigault</name><name sortKey="Smadja, G" sort="Smadja, G" uniqKey="Smadja G" first="G." last="Smadja">G. Smadja</name><name sortKey="Tao, C" sort="Tao, C" uniqKey="Tao C" first="C." last="Tao">C. Tao</name><name sortKey="Wu, C" sort="Wu, C" uniqKey="Wu C" first="C." last="Wu">C. Wu</name></country><country name="Allemagne"><region name="Rhénanie-du-Nord-Westphalie"><name sortKey="Buton, C" sort="Buton, C" uniqKey="Buton C" first="C." last="Buton">C. Buton</name></region><name sortKey="Kerschhaggl, M" sort="Kerschhaggl, M" uniqKey="Kerschhaggl M" first="M." last="Kerschhaggl">M. Kerschhaggl</name><name sortKey="Kowalski, M" sort="Kowalski, M" uniqKey="Kowalski M" first="M." last="Kowalski">M. Kowalski</name><name sortKey="Paech, K" sort="Paech, K" uniqKey="Paech K" first="K." last="Paech">K. Paech</name></country><country name="République populaire de Chine"><noRegion><name sortKey="Tao, C" sort="Tao, C" uniqKey="Tao C" first="C." last="Tao">C. Tao</name></noRegion><name sortKey="Wu, C" sort="Wu, C" uniqKey="Wu C" first="C." last="Wu">C. Wu</name></country></tree></affiliations></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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